Irregular verbs in past and past participle

Study and memorize the past and past participle forms of the following verbs:

infinitive                                   past                                 past participle

buy 

sell 

leave 

fall 

win 

get 

fight 

come 

lose 

ride 

wear

tell 

make 

go 

become 

write


1st Period Grammar Exam Practice Exercise

Complete the chart with the correct forms of have got. 


Affirmative
Negative
Question
I
I have got a dog.



you
You have got a bike.



she



Has she got a sister?
it
It has got a window.



they



Have they got money?

     Complete the sentences with the correct form of have got.

1. He ______ _____ a cat dog. (neg.)
2. _______ he ______ an eraser?
3. We ______ _________ money for my lunch.
4. ________ she ______ a baby?


Change the for of the sentences according to the instructions.

Ex.       He can correct the mistakes. → negative sentence
He can't correct the mistakes.
                                                          
1.     Olivia can play the guitar. → negative sentence
_________________________________________________________

2.     Can the girls play hockey? → affirmative sentence
_________________________________________________________

3.     Richard can play the trumpet. → question
_________________________________________________________

4.     Can she write with her left hand? → affirmative sentence
_________________________________________________________

5.     He can write good stories. → negative sentence
_________________________________________________________


Complete the sentences using the correct form of there is/there are

EXAMPLE: __________ people in the street.

                                           There are people in the street.

1.     ___________ many animals in this forest?
2.     ___________  a car in this garage. (negative)
3.     ___________  any trees in your garden?
4.     ___________  one dictionary missing.
5.     ___________  1 piece of paper in the printer.


Write the past form of the following irregular verbs.

    
               1.- bring                             __________________________                                          
               2.- become                              __________________________
               3.- do                                    __________________________
               4.- fight                                   __________________________
               5.- fly                                   __________________________
               6.- make                                  __________________________
               7.- forget                                   __________________________
               8.- go                                 __________________________
               9.- see                               __________________________
               10.- pay                                __________________________





Ashley is going to a restaurant. – _______________________________

Gareth is reading the paper. ____________________________________

We waited in the park. →________________________________________

The policeman arrested the thief. ___________________________________

I go to the cinema on Saturdays. – __________________________________

We go to Mallorca because it is warm there. - ________________________

QUESTION word order Homework

Click here to complete the exercise:

QUESTION WORD ORDER IN ENGLISH

In questions, the word order subject-verbs-object is the same as in affirmative sentences. The only thing that’s different is that you usually have to put the auxiliary verb (or the main verb “be”) before the subject. Interrogatives are put at the beginning of the sentences:
QWauxiliary verbsubjectother verb(s)indirect objectdirect objectplacetime
Whatwouldyoulike to tellme
Didyouhavea partyin your flatyesterday?
Whenwereyouhere?
You don’t use an auxiliary verb if you ask for the subject. In this case the interrogative simply takes the place of the subject.
interrogativeverb(s)object
Whoaskedyou?

Let's Memorize Irregular Verbs in Past and Past Prticiple

Category 1: irregular ending with no vowel change, V2=V3

group 1: d ending changes to t, ent changes to end 

bend     bent     bent
build     built     built
lend     lent     lent
send     sent     sent
spend     spent     spent

group 2: the verbs have and make 

have \ has    had     had
make     made     made

group 3: regular (V2, V3) in US English, irregular in UK English 

learn    learned \ learnt     learned \ learnt
burn    burned \ burnt     burned \ burnt
dwell     dwelled \ dwelt     dwelled \ dwelt
smell     smelled \ smelt     smelled \ smelt
spell     spelled \ spelt     spelled \ spelt
spill     spilled \ spilt     spilled \ spilt
spoil     spoiled \ spoilt     spoiled \ spoilt

group 4: ay ending changes to aid

*said is pronounced /sed/
lay
(the table,
clothes, eggs)    laid     laid
pay    paid     paid
say    *said
(/sed/)    *said
(/sed/)

Category 2: Vowel change, irregular ending, V2=V3


group 5: vowel change , d or t ending 

creep     crept     crept
feed     fed     fed
feel     felt     felt
keep     kept     kept
kneel     knelt \ kneeled     knelt \ kneeled
meet    met     met
sleep    slept     slept
sweep    swept     swept
weep    wept     wept
*leave    left     left

group 6: different pronunciation of the same vowel

d or t ending
deal    dealt    dealt
dream    dreamed \ dreamt     dreamed \ dreamt
lean    leaned \ leant    leaned \ leant
leap    leapt    leapt
mean    meant    meant
read    read (/red/)    read (/red/)
hear    heard    heard

group 7: ell turns to old

sell    sold    sold
tell    told    told

group 8: vowel change with ought (or *aught) ending

d or t ending
bring     brought     brought
buy     bought     bought
fight     fought     fought
seek     sought     sought
think     thought     thought
*catch     caught     caught
*teach     taught     taught

Category 3: Verbs with the same form V1=V2=V3


group 9: Verbs that do not change

d or t ending
bet     bet     bet
bid (to offer)    bid     bid
broadcast     broadcast \
broadcasted     broadcast \
broadcasted
burst     burst     burst
cost     cost     cost
cut     cut     cut
fit    fit
(was the right size)
fitted
(tailored, changed size)    fit
(was the right size)
fitted
(tailored, changed size)
hit     hit    hit
hurt    hurt     hurt
let     let     let
put    put     put
set     set     set
shut     shut     shut
spread    spread    spread
quit     quit     quit

Category 4: Vowel change, V3 ending with (e)n

 group 10: V2 and V3 with long /o / sound        

break     broke     broken      
choose     chose     chosen      
freeze     froze     frozen      
speak     spoke     spoken      
steal     stole     stolen      
awake     awoke \ awaked     awoken \ awaked      
wake     woke \ waked     woken \ waked      
weave     wove     woven   
  

group 11: V2 long o sound, V3 shirt /i/ sound        

arise     arose     arisen      
rise     rose     risen      
*ride     rode     *ridden      
drive     drove     driven      
*write     wrote     *written   
  

group 12: The following verbs:       

*bite     bit     *bitten      
*hide     hid     *hidden      
eat     ate     eaten      
give     gave     given      
forgive     forgave     forgiven      
forbid *     forbad(e)     forbidden      
* bid
( to command, farewell)    bade     *bidden      
* forget     forgot     *forgotten      
get     got     * gotten (AmE) \ got (BrE)      
shake     shook     shaken      
take     took     taken      
see     saw     seen      
beat     beat     beaten      
fall     fell     fallen      
lie
( down to rest)    lay     lain   

Pay attention!
Do not confuse lie (tell a lie, regular), lie (down to rest, irregular), and lay (the table, irregular).
 

*lie
(tell a lie)    lied     lied      
lie
(down to rest)    lay     lain      
lay
(the table, eggs)    laid     laid   
  

group 13: the ear-ore-orn pattern       

bear     bore    born      
swear     swore    sworn      
tear    tore    torn      
wear    wore    worn        

group 14: V1 with ow, V2 with ew, V3 with own        

blow     blew     blown      
             
grow     grew     grown      
             
know     knew     known      
             
throw     threw     thrown      
             
fly     flew     flown      
draw    drew     *drawn      
            
Category 5: regular V2, regular or irregular V3 group 15        
show     showed     showed \ shown      
sow    sowed     sowed \ sown      
mow     mowed     mowed \ mown      
swell     swelled     swelled \ swollen      
sew     sewed     sewed \ sewn      
*shine
(the shoes)    shined    shined      
*shine
(brightly)    shone     shone    

Category 6: vowel change, no ending, V2=V3

 group 16: vowel change pattern, no ending        

dig     dug     dug      
stick     stuck     stuck      
spin     spun     spun      
sting     stung     stung      
strike     struck     struck      
swing     swung     swung      
*hang
(a man)    hanged     hanged      
*hang
(a picture)    hung     hung      
slide     slid     slid      
light     lighted \ lit     lighted \ lit      
shoot     shot     shot     

group 17: vowel change pattern i - ou - ou       

bind     bound     bound      
find     found     found      
grind     ground     ground      
wind     wound     wound   
  

group 18: vowel change ee - e - e       

bleed     bled     bled      
feed     fed     fed      
flee     fled     fled      
*lead     led     led      
*speed     speeded \ sped     speeded \ sped     

Category 7: The craziest verbs!

 group 19: vowel change pattern i - a - u       

begin     began     begun      
drink     drank     drunk      
ring     rang     rung      
shrink     shrank     shrunk      
sing     sang     sung      
sink     sank     sunk      
spin     span \ spun     spun      
spring     sprang     sprung      
swim     swam     swum   
  

group 20: vowel change, V1=V3        

come     came     come      
become     became     become      
run     ran     run   
  

group 21: miscellaneous        

the verb to be      
am
is
are     was
was
were     been      
go     went     gone      
*dive
(jumped head first)    dove     dived     
*dive
(scuba-diving)    dived     dived      
do     did     done     
can     could          
may     might          
hold     held    held      
stand     stood     stood      
understand     understood     understood      
sit     sat     sat      
babysit     babysat     babysat      
win     won     won      
lose     lost     lost   

Summary

This has been a review about the irregular verbs in English grammar. As these verbs are highly used in both spoken and written language, you should master their usage rather early on as you progress with your English writing. Reviewing the irregular verbs is not enough to make you use them correctly. The more you notice them up in your reading, and more importantly, use them properly in your writing, the better you will use them.