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Irregular verbs in past and past participle
Study and memorize the past and past participle forms of the following verbs:
infinitive past past participle
buy
sell
leave
fall
win
get
fight
come
lose
ride
wear
tell
make
go
become
write
1st Period Grammar Exam Practice Exercise
Complete the chart with the correct forms of have got.
|
Affirmative
|
Negative
|
Question
|
I
|
I have got a dog.
|
|
|
you
|
You have got a bike.
|
|
|
she
|
|
|
Has she got a sister?
|
it
|
It has got a window.
|
|
|
they
|
|
|
Have they got money?
|
Complete the sentences with the correct form of have got.
1. He ______ _____ a cat dog. (neg.)
2. _______ he ______ an eraser?
3. We ______ _________ money for my lunch.
4. ________ she ______ a baby?
Change the for of the sentences according to the instructions.
Ex. He can correct the
mistakes. → negative sentence
He can't correct
the mistakes.
1. Olivia can play the
guitar. → negative sentence
_________________________________________________________
2. Can the girls play
hockey? → affirmative sentence
_________________________________________________________
3. Richard can play the
trumpet. → question
_________________________________________________________
4. Can she write with her
left hand? → affirmative sentence
_________________________________________________________
5. He can write good
stories. → negative sentence
_________________________________________________________
Complete the sentences using the correct form of there is/there are
EXAMPLE: __________ people in the street.
There are people in the street.
1. ___________ many animals in this
forest?
2. ___________ a car in this garage. (negative)
3. ___________ any trees in your garden?
4. ___________ one dictionary missing.
5. ___________ 1 piece of paper in the printer.
Write the past form of the following irregular verbs.
1.- bring __________________________
2.- become
__________________________
3.- do __________________________
4.- fight __________________________
5.- fly __________________________
6.- make
__________________________
7.- forget __________________________
8.- go
__________________________
9.- see __________________________
10.- pay
__________________________
|
Ashley is
going to a restaurant. – _______________________________
Gareth is reading the paper. ____________________________________
We waited in the park. →________________________________________
The
policeman arrested the thief. ___________________________________
I go to
the cinema on Saturdays. – __________________________________
We go to
Mallorca because it is warm there. - ________________________
QUESTION WORD ORDER IN ENGLISH
In questions, the word order subject-verbs-object is the same as in affirmative sentences. The only thing that’s different is that you usually have to put the auxiliary verb (or the main verb “be”) before the subject. Interrogatives are put at the beginning of the sentences:
QW | auxiliary verb | subject | other verb(s) | indirect object | direct object | place | time |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
What | would | you | like to tell | me | |||
Did | you | have | a party | in your flat | yesterday? | ||
When | were | you | here? |
You don’t use an auxiliary verb if you ask for the subject. In this case the interrogative simply takes the place of the subject.
interrogative | verb(s) | object |
---|---|---|
Who | asked | you? |
Let's Memorize Irregular Verbs in Past and Past Prticiple
Category 1: irregular ending with no vowel change, V2=V3
group 1: d ending changes to t, ent changes to end
bend bent bent
build built built
lend lent lent
send sent sent
spend spent spent
build built built
lend lent lent
send sent sent
spend spent spent
group 2: the verbs have and make
have \ has had had
make made made
make made made
group 3: regular (V2, V3) in US English, irregular in UK English
learn learned \ learnt learned \ learnt
burn burned \ burnt burned \ burnt
dwell dwelled \ dwelt dwelled \ dwelt
smell smelled \ smelt smelled \ smelt
spell spelled \ spelt spelled \ spelt
spill spilled \ spilt spilled \ spilt
spoil spoiled \ spoilt spoiled \ spoilt
burn burned \ burnt burned \ burnt
dwell dwelled \ dwelt dwelled \ dwelt
smell smelled \ smelt smelled \ smelt
spell spelled \ spelt spelled \ spelt
spill spilled \ spilt spilled \ spilt
spoil spoiled \ spoilt spoiled \ spoilt
group 4: ay ending changes to aid
*said is pronounced /sed/
lay
(the table,
clothes, eggs) laid laid
pay paid paid
say *said
(/sed/) *said
(/sed/)
lay
(the table,
clothes, eggs) laid laid
pay paid paid
say *said
(/sed/) *said
(/sed/)
Category 2: Vowel change, irregular ending, V2=V3
group 5: vowel change , d or t ending
creep crept crept
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
keep kept kept
kneel knelt \ kneeled knelt \ kneeled
meet met met
sleep slept slept
sweep swept swept
weep wept wept
*leave left left
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
keep kept kept
kneel knelt \ kneeled knelt \ kneeled
meet met met
sleep slept slept
sweep swept swept
weep wept wept
*leave left left
group 6: different pronunciation of the same vowel
d or t ending
deal dealt dealt
dream dreamed \ dreamt dreamed \ dreamt
lean leaned \ leant leaned \ leant
leap leapt leapt
mean meant meant
read read (/red/) read (/red/)
hear heard heard
deal dealt dealt
dream dreamed \ dreamt dreamed \ dreamt
lean leaned \ leant leaned \ leant
leap leapt leapt
mean meant meant
read read (/red/) read (/red/)
hear heard heard
group 7: ell turns to old
sell sold sold
tell told told
tell told told
group 8: vowel change with ought (or *aught) ending
d or t ending
bring brought brought
buy bought bought
fight fought fought
seek sought sought
think thought thought
*catch caught caught
*teach taught taught
bring brought brought
buy bought bought
fight fought fought
seek sought sought
think thought thought
*catch caught caught
*teach taught taught
Category 3: Verbs with the same form V1=V2=V3
group 9: Verbs that do not change
d or t ending
bet bet bet
bid (to offer) bid bid
broadcast broadcast \
broadcasted broadcast \
broadcasted
burst burst burst
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
fit fit
(was the right size)
fitted
(tailored, changed size) fit
(was the right size)
fitted
(tailored, changed size)
hit hit hit
hurt hurt hurt
let let let
put put put
set set set
shut shut shut
spread spread spread
quit quit quit
bet bet bet
bid (to offer) bid bid
broadcast broadcast \
broadcasted broadcast \
broadcasted
burst burst burst
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
fit fit
(was the right size)
fitted
(tailored, changed size) fit
(was the right size)
fitted
(tailored, changed size)
hit hit hit
hurt hurt hurt
let let let
put put put
set set set
shut shut shut
spread spread spread
quit quit quit
Category 4: Vowel change, V3 ending with (e)n
group 10: V2 and V3 with long /o / sound
break broke broken
choose chose chosen
freeze froze frozen
speak spoke spoken
steal stole stolen
awake awoke \ awaked awoken \ awaked
wake woke \ waked woken \ waked
weave wove woven
choose chose chosen
freeze froze frozen
speak spoke spoken
steal stole stolen
awake awoke \ awaked awoken \ awaked
wake woke \ waked woken \ waked
weave wove woven
group 11: V2 long o sound, V3 shirt /i/ sound
arise arose arisen
rise rose risen
*ride rode *ridden
drive drove driven
*write wrote *written
rise rose risen
*ride rode *ridden
drive drove driven
*write wrote *written
group 12: The following verbs:
*bite bit *bitten
*hide hid *hidden
eat ate eaten
give gave given
forgive forgave forgiven
forbid * forbad(e) forbidden
* bid
( to command, farewell) bade *bidden
* forget forgot *forgotten
get got * gotten (AmE) \ got (BrE)
shake shook shaken
take took taken
see saw seen
beat beat beaten
fall fell fallen
lie
( down to rest) lay lain
Pay attention!
Do not confuse lie (tell a lie, regular), lie (down to rest, irregular), and lay (the table, irregular).
*lie
(tell a lie) lied lied
lie
(down to rest) lay lain
lay
(the table, eggs) laid laid
*hide hid *hidden
eat ate eaten
give gave given
forgive forgave forgiven
forbid * forbad(e) forbidden
* bid
( to command, farewell) bade *bidden
* forget forgot *forgotten
get got * gotten (AmE) \ got (BrE)
shake shook shaken
take took taken
see saw seen
beat beat beaten
fall fell fallen
lie
( down to rest) lay lain
Pay attention!
Do not confuse lie (tell a lie, regular), lie (down to rest, irregular), and lay (the table, irregular).
*lie
(tell a lie) lied lied
lie
(down to rest) lay lain
lay
(the table, eggs) laid laid
group 13: the ear-ore-orn pattern
bear bore born
swear swore sworn
tear tore torn
wear wore worn
swear swore sworn
tear tore torn
wear wore worn
group 14: V1 with ow, V2 with ew, V3 with own
blow blew blown
grow grew grown
know knew known
throw threw thrown
fly flew flown
draw drew *drawn
grow grew grown
know knew known
throw threw thrown
fly flew flown
draw drew *drawn
Category 5: regular V2, regular or irregular V3 group 15
show showed showed \ shown
sow sowed sowed \ sown
mow mowed mowed \ mown
swell swelled swelled \ swollen
sew sewed sewed \ sewn
*shine
(the shoes) shined shined
*shine
(brightly) shone shone
sow sowed sowed \ sown
mow mowed mowed \ mown
swell swelled swelled \ swollen
sew sewed sewed \ sewn
*shine
(the shoes) shined shined
*shine
(brightly) shone shone
Category 6: vowel change, no ending, V2=V3
group 16: vowel change pattern, no ending
dig dug dug
stick stuck stuck
spin spun spun
sting stung stung
strike struck struck
swing swung swung
*hang
(a man) hanged hanged
*hang
(a picture) hung hung
slide slid slid
light lighted \ lit lighted \ lit
shoot shot shot
stick stuck stuck
spin spun spun
sting stung stung
strike struck struck
swing swung swung
*hang
(a man) hanged hanged
*hang
(a picture) hung hung
slide slid slid
light lighted \ lit lighted \ lit
shoot shot shot
group 17: vowel change pattern i - ou - ou
bind bound bound
find found found
grind ground ground
wind wound wound
find found found
grind ground ground
wind wound wound
group 18: vowel change ee - e - e
bleed bled bled
feed fed fed
flee fled fled
*lead led led
*speed speeded \ sped speeded \ sped
feed fed fed
flee fled fled
*lead led led
*speed speeded \ sped speeded \ sped
Category 7: The craziest verbs!
group 19: vowel change pattern i - a - u
begin began begun
drink drank drunk
ring rang rung
shrink shrank shrunk
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
spin span \ spun spun
spring sprang sprung
swim swam swum
drink drank drunk
ring rang rung
shrink shrank shrunk
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
spin span \ spun spun
spring sprang sprung
swim swam swum
group 20: vowel change, V1=V3
come came come
become became become
run ran run
become became become
run ran run
group 21: miscellaneous
the verb to be
am
is
are was
was
were been
go went gone
*dive
(jumped head first) dove dived
*dive
(scuba-diving) dived dived
do did done
can could
may might
hold held held
stand stood stood
understand understood understood
sit sat sat
babysit babysat babysat
win won won
lose lost lost
am
is
are was
was
were been
go went gone
*dive
(jumped head first) dove dived
*dive
(scuba-diving) dived dived
do did done
can could
may might
hold held held
stand stood stood
understand understood understood
sit sat sat
babysit babysat babysat
win won won
lose lost lost
Summary
This has been a review about the irregular verbs in English grammar. As these verbs are highly used in both spoken and written language, you should master their usage rather early on as you progress with your English writing. Reviewing the irregular verbs is not enough to make you use them correctly. The more you notice them up in your reading, and more importantly, use them properly in your writing, the better you will use them.
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